An Analysis of Socio-Economic Status of Construction Workers: Evidence from Faizabad (Ayodhya), Uttar Pradesh
Author Name
Shyam Narayan Bharti
Keywords
Construction workers, Faizabad (Ayodhya), Uttar Pradesh
Abstract
The paper examines the socio-economic status of construction workers in Faizabad (Ayodhya), Uttar Pradesh. The construction sectors are the second largest industry after agriculture in India and have been developing tremendously including building houses, infrastructures and real estate. Thus, the demand for labour is high. However, there is an excessive demand for labour opportunities based on the skilling of workers. The skills labourers are affected by socio-economic conditions and political concerns. This study aims to explore various factors related to the socio-economic issues of labourers. This study is descriptive and explanatory in nature. The case study of this research has been taken for the construction industry. Further, a unit of analysis is putative for individual workers. The data has been developed based on the research questions and objectives, along with data collected through questionnaires and interview schedules. The major empirical finding shows that the proportion of domicile workers is higher than migrant labourers in rural areas. The wages provided to them are based on their skills. However, they get minimum wages than the market rate in labour mandi/adda. However, they get minor wages than the market rate in labour mandi/adda. Moreover, “Karo Aur Seekho (does and learn)” or “Khoob Kaam Karo Aur Khoob Huner Seekho (Do much work and learn many skills)”, is the process of skill development for workers.Therefore, the workers prefer to work directly under the owner (malik) rather than contractors. They work directly under Malik, provide more space for negotiation for the amount of wage and mode of payment and mostly get full payment. As per data, largely workers receive payment irregularly (against the rule) and some get paid daily. This study recommends the development for practical guidelines to improve the living and working conditions of construction workers.
Conference
4th International E-Conference “Migration, Governance, and Covid-19: Perspectives, Policies, Opportunities, and Challenges”